Gender inequality increases when children are present. New Australian mothers report twice as much pressure on their time as new fathers following the birth of their first child. This pressure only doubles after the birth of the second child, further widening the gap between heterosexual parents. University of Melbourne academic Dr Leah Ruppanner has researched what's needed: universally accessible high-quality low-cost childcare; flexible work for employees; and  school and work schedules that recognise working parents and allow for school holiday care.